Let us use C major scale notes for finding the swaras in each mode of the major scale.
First mode – Ionian – the major scale
C major scale : C D E F G A B C
Swaras and notes starting from C note:
C
|
C#
|
D
|
D#
|
E
|
F
|
F#
|
G
|
G#
|
A
|
A#
|
B
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ri2/ Ga1
|
Ri3/ Ga2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Dha2/ Ni1
|
Dha3/ Ni2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras for each note in the major scale:
C
|
D
|
E
|
F
|
G
|
A
|
B
|
Sa
|
Ri2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Pa
|
Dha2
|
Ni3
|
The major scale notes correspond to the swaras of Raga Shankarabharanam.
Second mode – Dorian
The second mode of the C major scale starts from the second note (D) of the C major scale. The dorian mode of the C major scale uses the exact same notes as the major scale, though from a different starting point.
D dorian scale : D E F G A B C D
Swaras and notes starting from D
D
|
D#
|
E
|
F
|
F#
|
G
|
G#
|
A
|
A#
|
B
|
C
|
C#
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ri2/ Ga1
|
Ri3/ Ga2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Dha2/ Ni1
|
Dha3/ Ni2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras for each note of the Dorian scale starting from D:
D
|
E
|
F
|
G
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
Sa
|
Ri2
|
Ga2
|
Ma1
|
Pa
|
Dha2
|
Ni2
|
The notes of the dorian scale, which is the 2nd mode of the major scale, correspond to the swaras of Raga Kharaharapriya.
Third mode – Phrygian
Phrygian mode of the C major scale starts from the note E. It has the same notes as the C major scale, but starts from E instead of C.
E phrygian scale : E F G A B C D E
Swaras and notes starting from E
E
|
F
|
F#
|
G
|
G#
|
A
|
A#
|
B
|
C
|
C#
|
D
|
D#
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ri2/ Ga1
|
Ri3/ Ga2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Dha2/ Ni1
|
Dha3/ Ni2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras for each note of the Phrygian scale starting from E:
E
|
F
|
G
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ga2
|
Ma1
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Ni2
|
The swaras of the phrygian mode correspond to that of Raga Hanumatodi.
Fourth mode – Lydian
Lydian mode of the C major scale starts from the note F. It has the same notes as the C major scale, but starts from F, the 4th note of the C major scale.
F lydian scale : F G A B C D E F
Swaras and notes starting from F
F
|
F#
|
G
|
G#
|
A
|
A#
|
B
|
C
|
C#
|
D
|
D#
|
E
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ri2/ Ga1
|
Ri3/ Ga2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Dha2/ Ni1
|
Dha3/ Ni2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras for each note of the Lydian scale starting from F:
F
|
G
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
E
|
Sa
|
Ri2
|
Ga3
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras corresponding to the notes of the Lydian scale are that of the Raga Kalyani.
Fifth mode – Mixolydian
Mixolydian mode of the C major scale starts from the note G. It has the same notes as the C major scale, but starts from G, the 5th note of the C major scale.
G mixolydian scale : G A B C D E F G
Swaras and notes starting from G
G
|
G#
|
A
|
A#
|
B
|
C
|
C#
|
D
|
D#
|
E
|
F
|
F#
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ri2/ Ga1
|
Ri3/ Ga2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Dha2/ Ni1
|
Dha3/ Ni2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras for each note of the Mixolydian scale starting from G:
G
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
E
|
F
|
Sa
|
Ri2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Pa
|
Dha2
|
Ni2
|
Swaras corresponding to the notes of the Mixolydian scale are that of the Raga Harikamboji.
Sixth mode – Aeolian (natural minor scale)
Aeolian mode, the 6th mode of the C major scale starts from the 6th note A of the C major scale. It has the same notes as the C major scale, but starts from note A instead of note C.
A aeolian scale : A B C D E F G A
Swaras and notes starting from A
A
|
A#
|
B
|
C
|
C#
|
D
|
D#
|
E
|
F
|
F#
|
G
|
G#
|
Sa
|
Ri1
|
Ri2/ Ga1
|
Ri3/ Ga2
|
Ga3
|
Ma1
|
Ma2
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Dha2/ Ni1
|
Dha3/ Ni2
|
Ni3
|
Swaras for each note of the Aeolian scale starting from A:
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
E
|
F
|
G
|
Sa
|
Ri2
|
Ga2
|
Ma1
|
Pa
|
Dha1
|
Ni2
|
Swaras corresponding to the notes of the Mixolydian scale are that of the Raga Natabhairavi.
Summary: Ragas corresponding to each mode of the major scale:
1. Raga shankara bharanam – ionian (major scale)
2. Raga kharaharapriya – dorian
3. Raga hanumatodi – phrygian
4. Raga kalyani – lydian
5. Raga harikamboji – mixolydian
6. Raga natabhairavi – aeolian
7. (locrian scale without pa – not a melakarta raga)
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